How this page evolved

Every published version is kept. Each entry shows what changed and why. Earlier versions can be restored by moderators, but only if the material they rely on is still available.

1. Revision 5Oct 4, 2026, 8:33 AMLiveAI-organised, reviewed

   Added three newer syntheses (2014 dose-response, 2019 all-cause mortality, 2026 heart failure and 2026 cardiovascular review) that broaden the evidence base and introduce a conflicting signal on myocardial infarction; added a heart-failure section, a reader experience on coffee timing and sleep, and updated uncertainty, open questions, takeaways and guidance accordingly.

   • · The main finding was rewritten.
   • · Updated “Mortality and cardiovascular disease”.
   • · Updated “Arrhythmia and differences by coffee type”.
   • · Added section “Heart failure”.
   • · Updated “How much is too much?”.
   • · 4 new sources cited.
   • · 2 contributions incorporated.
   • · The note on uncertainty changed.
   • · The key takeaways were revised.
   • · 4 new pieces of guidance for specific situations.
   • · 1 new open question.
2. Revision 4Sep 30, 2026, 6:50 PM

   Copy edit: capitalisation in the guidance.

   • · Minor wording changes.
3. Revision 3Sep 30, 2026, 6:49 PMAI-organised, reviewed

   Initial Starting Map on habitual coffee drinking and long-term health, built from two large observational syntheses: a 2017 BMJ umbrella review of meta-analyses and a 2022 UK Biobank cohort study. Covers mortality, cardiovascular disease and arrhythmia, the 3–4 cups/day sweet spot, differences by coffee subtype, and the observational (non-causal) nature of the evidence.

   • · First published version.